Ten MCQs on current International and national events - 223

PRERNA FOR IAS

(ASSOCIATE OF SAMKALP)

A-Category MCQs -223

Q1. Strait of Hormuz and India's Energy Security

In the context of reported Iran–US negotiations concerning the Strait of Hormuz, consider the following statements:

1. The Strait of Hormuz connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman.
2. Disruption of shipping through Hormuz can increase global energy prices and maritime insurance costs.
3. The Strait of Hormuz is governed by the Suez Canal Authority.
4. Diversification of energy imports can reduce India's exposure to disruptions in a single maritime passage.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 1, 2 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 2, 3 and 4 only

Correct Answer: (b) 1, 2 and 4 only

Explanation: Statement 1 is correct because the Strait of Hormuz connects the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman and international shipping routes. Statement 2 is correct because disruption of oil and gas shipments can raise freight, insurance and energy costs. Statement 3 is incorrect. The Suez Canal Authority administers the Suez Canal in Egypt, not the Strait of Hormuz. Statement 4 is correct because diversified suppliers, strategic reserves and alternative energy sources improve energy security.

Q2. Humanitarian Ceasefires and International Humanitarian Law

In the context of the Russia–Ukraine conflict, consider the following statements:

1. International humanitarian law requires parties to distinguish between civilians and combatants.
2. A temporary humanitarian ceasefire automatically ends the underlying international armed conflict.
3. Humanitarian arrangements may facilitate evacuation of civilians and delivery of essential supplies.
4. Attacks against civilian objects may be unlawful, subject to the applicable rules and circumstances.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(a) 1, 2 and 3 only
(b) 2, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Correct Answer: (c) 1, 3 and 4 only