INDIA’S NEW SPACE-OBJECT RE-ENTRY RULES

INDIA’S NEW SPACE-OBJECT RE-ENTRY RULES — SAFETY, LIABILITY AND GLOBAL SPACE SUSTAINABILITY

1. Context

• In July 2026, the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe) issued detailed rules governing the planned re-entry of space objects into Earth’s atmosphere.
• The framework implements the Indian Space Policy, 2023, which already requires authorisation for planned re-entry of spacecraft, satellites and launch-vehicle stages.
• The rules have become important because satellite numbers, private launches and end-of-life disposal operations are increasing rapidly.

2. What is Planned Re-entry?

• Planned re-entry means the intentional and controlled return of a space object to Earth, with its trajectory, timing and likely impact area assessed in advance.
• It is different from ordinary uncontrolled orbital decay, where an object naturally descends and may burn up in the atmosphere.
• Objects designed to survive re-entry, be recovered, or reach a predetermined area require greater regulatory scrutiny because surviving fragments can endanger people, aircraft and ships.