Timor Green Pigeon

Timor Green Pigeon

The Timor Green Pigeon is a rare fruit-eating bird species facing an extremely high risk of extinction. A recent scientific study warned that without urgent conservation measures, the species may disappear within a few years. It belongs to the Columbidae family and is known for its deep green plumage resembling raw mango colour. The bird mainly feeds on figs and plays an important ecological role as a seed disperser in tropical forests.

The species is endemic to the islands of Timor, including parts of Indonesia and Timor-Leste, along with nearby islands such as Rote and Atauro. According to recent estimates, only around 100–500 birds survive in the wild. Scientists believe the species is now “functionally extinct” in Indonesia because its population has become too small to sustain ecological functions or successful breeding.

The main causes of decline are excessive hunting, habitat destruction, and restricted geographical distribution. The bird is often hunted for food when it gathers in groups near fruiting trees. Rapid destruction of lowland monsoon forests for agriculture has further reduced breeding and feeding habitats.