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A “Hung Assembly” refers to a situation in which no single political party or pre-poll alliance secures an absolute majority in a State Legislative Assembly after elections. In India’s parliamentary system, a party or coalition must obtain more than half the seats in the Assembly to form the government. The issue gained attention after the 2026 Tamil Nadu Assembly elections reportedly produced the State’s first hung assembly in several decades, significantly altering its traditional political landscape.
Under Article 164 of the Constitution of India, the Governor appoints the Chief Minister. In normal situations, the leader of the majority party is invited to form the government. However, in a hung assembly, the Governor exercises discretionary powers in deciding whom to invite first. The Sarkaria Commission and Punchhi Commission recommended an order of preference: pre-poll alliances, the single largest party with support, and then post-poll coalitions.
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Understand hung assemblies in India's parliamentary system. Explore governor discretion, floor tests, coalition politics, and constitutional frameworks governing government formation.
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