RANI JHANSI MARINE NATIONAL PARK

PRERNA FOR IAS

RANI JHANSI MARINE NATIONAL PARK

1. Rani Jhansi Marine National Park

Rani Jhansi Marine National Park is one of India’s most important marine protected areas, located in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. It lies within Ritchie’s Archipelago and was established in 1996. Named after Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi, the park is known for its rich marine biodiversity, coral reefs, mangrove forests, seagrass beds, and pristine islands. The park protects numerous marine species, including sea turtles, fish, mollusks, and coral organisms. It plays a vital role in conserving fragile coastal ecosystems and supporting sustainable tourism. The park is an important ecological treasure and a significant conservation area in India.

2. Location and Geography

Rani Jhansi Marine National Park is situated about 14 kilometers northeast of South Andaman Island and southeast of Middle Andaman Island. It forms part of the famous Ritchie’s Archipelago, a group of scenic islands surrounded by crystal-clear waters. The park consists of several islands, coral reefs, and shallow marine habitats that provide ideal conditions for marine life. Its strategic location in the Bay of Bengal makes it a biodiversity hotspot. The surrounding waters support extensive coral reef systems and seagrass meadows. These habitats are crucial breeding and feeding grounds for many aquatic species and contribute significantly to marine conservation.

3. Climate and Rainfall

The climate of Rani Jhansi Marine National Park is tropical, warm, and humid throughout the year. Due to its proximity to the equator and the sea, temperatures remain relatively stable with high humidity levels. The park receives heavy annual rainfall, averaging around 3,800 millimeters, mainly from both the southwest and northeast monsoons. Abundant rainfall supports dense tropical vegetation, mangrove forests, and healthy marine ecosystems. The humid climate also promotes the growth of coral reefs and seagrass beds. These environmental conditions make the park an ideal habitat for a wide variety of marine organisms and coastal wildlife.

4. Olive Ridley Turtle