Ten MCQs on current International and national events - 179

PRERNA FOR IAS

(ASSOCIATE OF SAMKALP)

A-Category MCQs -179

Q1. Climate Justice and India

With reference to the principle of climate justice, consider the following statements:

1. Historical emissions can be relevant while determining the climate responsibilities of countries.
2. Per-capita emissions can be used to assess differences in emission patterns between developed and developing countries.
3. The principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC) completely exempts developing countries from climate mitigation.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (a)

Explanation: Statements 1 and 2 are correct. India's climate position emphasises historical responsibility, per-capita emissions and different developmental requirements. The supplied summary states that India's per-capita emissions are less than half the global average and connects its position with CBDR-RC. Statement 3 is incorrect. CBDR-RC recognises differentiated responsibilities and capabilities; it does not mean that developing countries have no mitigation responsibility. India therefore seeks developmental policy space while simultaneously expanding renewable and other non-fossil energy. Trap: “completely exempts” is an absolute formulation. Climate justice concerns equitable distribution of responsibility, not freedom from responsibility.

Q2. El Niño and Indian Monsoon

Consider the following statements regarding El Niño:

1. It involves unusually warm sea-surface temperatures in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific.
2. Every El Niño event necessarily results in drought in India.
3. The Indian Ocean Dipole and other atmospheric-oceanic factors can influence India's monsoon performance.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct Answer: (b)