GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES & SELF -RELIANCE
SUMMARY
1. Atmanirbharta, Flagship Schemes & Structural Reform
- Self-reliance framed as strategic resilience, not isolation.
- Launched during COVID-19 (May 2020) with ₹20 lakh crore package.
- Goal: revive demand + strengthen domestic capacity.
- Focus on reducing import dependence in critical sectors.
- “Local for Global” orientation — competitive integration with global markets.
- Reform ecosystem structured around 4 L’s:
- Land (factor-market efficiency)
- Labour (flexibility & formalisation)
- Liquidity (MSME survival & credit)
- Laws (ease of doing business reforms)
- Intersection of national security and economic growth.
2. Sectoral Engines & Whole-Economy Logic
- Self-reliance spans all four sectors:
- Primary: food security, raw material stability.
- Secondary: manufacturing depth, MSME integration.
- Tertiary: service delivery, logistics, finance.
- Quaternary: R&D, education, innovation capacity.
- Defence indigenisation and export growth highlighted.
- Positive Indigenisation Lists for domestic procurement.
- India Semiconductor Mission (₹76,000 crore incentive outlay).
- Health resilience via PPE & vaccine scale-up.
- Crisis lessons converted into structural capability.
3. Government Schemes: Governance Dashboard
- Development implemented through structured schemes.
- Central Sector vs Centrally Sponsored classification.
- Linked to Union Budget expenditure profiles.
- DBT architecture reduces leakage and improves targeting.
- Aadhaar–Bank–Mobile (JAM) as delivery backbone.
- Scheme-mapping aligns with SDGs (health, education, water, jobs).
- Converts intent into measurable state capacity.
4. Agriculture & Farmer Support
- Agriculture treated as income + risk-management system.
- PM-KISAN: ₹6,000 annual income support via DBT.
- PMFBY: crop insurance against climatic risk.
- Pulses Aatmanirbharta Mission (₹11,440 crore outlay).
- Focus on seeds, procurement, productivity, value chains.
- Convergence of farmer welfare + food security.
5. Commerce, Industry & Enterprise
- Three-layer industrial stack:
- Make in India: manufacturing direction.
- Startup India: innovation & entrepreneurship.
- PLI Schemes: targeted production scaling.
- ₹1.97 lakh crore PLI outlay.
- 836 approved PLI applications across 14 sectors.
- Investment, exports, job creation focus.
- Moves from enabling ecosystem to sectoral acceleration.
6. Digital India, Financial Inclusion & Banking
- Digital India (2015): governance + service delivery rails.
- PMJDY: 56+ crore accounts; DBT backbone.
- MUDRA: micro-credit to small entrepreneurs.
- PSB recapitalisation strengthens banking stability.
- Atal Pension Yojana: social security for informal workers.
- Financial inclusion stack → participation → resilience.
7. Health & Human Development
- Three-tier health capacity stack:
- PM-JAY: ₹5 lakh health insurance cover.
- NHM: primary & public health system strengthening.
- PMSSY: AIIMS expansion & tertiary care.
- 12 crore+ eligible families under PM-JAY.
- Links SDG 3 (health) & SDG 10 (inequality reduction).
- Focus on infrastructure + financial risk protection.
8. Energy Access & Efficiency
- Household-level transformation model:
- Saubhagya: electricity access (2.8+ crore households).
- UJALA: 36+ crore LED bulbs; energy savings.
- PMUY: 10+ crore LPG connections.